Lithium nephrotoxicity: a progressive combined glomerular and tubulointerstitial nephropathy
GS Markowitz, JAI Radhakrishnan… - Journal of the …, 2000 - journals.lww.com
This study examines the clinical features, pathologic findings, and outcome of 24 patients
with biopsy-proven lithium toxicity. The patient population was 50% male, 87.5% Caucasian,
and had a mean age of 42.5 yr (range, 26 to 57). Mean duration of lithium therapy for bipolar
disorder was 13.6 yr (range, 2 to 25). All patients were biopsied for renal insufficiency (mean
serum creatinine 2.8 mg/dl; range, 1.3 to 8.0), with associated proteinuria> 1.0 g/d in 41.7%.
Nephrotic proteinuria (> 3.0 g/d) was present in 25%. Other features included nephrogenic …
with biopsy-proven lithium toxicity. The patient population was 50% male, 87.5% Caucasian,
and had a mean age of 42.5 yr (range, 26 to 57). Mean duration of lithium therapy for bipolar
disorder was 13.6 yr (range, 2 to 25). All patients were biopsied for renal insufficiency (mean
serum creatinine 2.8 mg/dl; range, 1.3 to 8.0), with associated proteinuria> 1.0 g/d in 41.7%.
Nephrotic proteinuria (> 3.0 g/d) was present in 25%. Other features included nephrogenic …
