Control of immune cell homeostasis and function by lncRNAs

WK Mowel, JJ Kotzin, SJ McCright, VD Neal… - Trends in …, 2018 - cell.com
WK Mowel, JJ Kotzin, SJ McCright, VD Neal, J Henao-Mejia
Trends in immunology, 2018cell.com
The immune system is composed of diverse cell types that coordinate responses to infection
and maintain tissue homeostasis. In each of these cells, extracellular cues determine highly
specific epigenetic landscapes and transcriptional profiles to promote immunity while
maintaining homeostasis. New evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs)
play crucial roles in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in mammals. Thus, lncRNAs
have emerged as key regulatory molecules of immune cell gene expression programs in …
The immune system is composed of diverse cell types that coordinate responses to infection and maintain tissue homeostasis. In each of these cells, extracellular cues determine highly specific epigenetic landscapes and transcriptional profiles to promote immunity while maintaining homeostasis. New evidence indicates that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play crucial roles in epigenetic and transcriptional regulation in mammals. Thus, lncRNAs have emerged as key regulatory molecules of immune cell gene expression programs in response to microbial and tissue-derived cues. We review here how lncRNAs control the function and homeostasis of cell populations during immune responses, emphasizing the diverse molecular mechanisms by which lncRNAs tune highly contextualized transcriptional programs. In addition, we discuss the new challenges faced in interrogating lncRNA mechanisms and function in the immune system.
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