[HTML][HTML] T cell receptor profiling in type 1 diabetes
Current diabetes reports, 2017•Springer
Abstract Purpose of Review The genetic susceptibility and dominant protection for type 1
diabetes (T1D) associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, along with
minor risk variants, have long been thought to shape the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and
eventual phenotype of autoreactive T cells that mediate β-cell destruction. While
autoantibodies provide robust markers of disease progression, early studies tracking
autoreactive T cells largely failed to achieve clinical utility. Recent Findings Advances in …
diabetes (T1D) associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, along with
minor risk variants, have long been thought to shape the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and
eventual phenotype of autoreactive T cells that mediate β-cell destruction. While
autoantibodies provide robust markers of disease progression, early studies tracking
autoreactive T cells largely failed to achieve clinical utility. Recent Findings Advances in …
Purpose of Review
The genetic susceptibility and dominant protection for type 1 diabetes (T1D) associated with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) haplotypes, along with minor risk variants, have long been thought to shape the T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire and eventual phenotype of autoreactive T cells that mediate β-cell destruction. While autoantibodies provide robust markers of disease progression, early studies tracking autoreactive T cells largely failed to achieve clinical utility.
Recent Findings
Advances in acquisition of pancreata and islets from T1D organ donors have facilitated studies of T cells isolated from the target tissues. Immunosequencing of TCR α/β-chain complementarity determining regions, along with transcriptional profiling, offers the potential to transform biomarker discovery.
Summary
Herein, we review recent studies characterizing the autoreactive TCR signature in T1D, emerging technologies, and the challenges and opportunities associated with tracking TCR molecular profiles during the natural history of T1D.
Springer