Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) is a leading cause of kidney disease
worldwide. The presumed etiology of primary FSGS is a plasma factor with responsiveness
to immunosuppressive therapy and a risk of recurrence after kidney transplant–important
disease characteristics. In contrast, adaptive FSGS is associated with excessive nephron
workload due to increased body size, reduced nephron capacity, or single glomerular
hyperfiltration associated with certain diseases. Additional etiologies are now recognized as …