[HTML][HTML] Heterogeneous expression of PD-L1 in pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma: implications for assessment by small biopsy
TJ Gniadek, QK Li, E Tully, S Chatterjee… - Modern Pathology, 2017 - Elsevier
Predicting response to checkpoint blockade therapy for lung cancer has largely focused on
measuring programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells. PD-L1
expression is geographically heterogeneous within many tumors, however, and we
questioned whether small tissue samples, such as biopsies, might be sufficiently
representative of PD-L1 expression for evaluating this marker in lung cancer tumors. To
evaluate the extent of variability of PD-L1 expression in small tissue samples, and how that …
measuring programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression on tumor cells. PD-L1
expression is geographically heterogeneous within many tumors, however, and we
questioned whether small tissue samples, such as biopsies, might be sufficiently
representative of PD-L1 expression for evaluating this marker in lung cancer tumors. To
evaluate the extent of variability of PD-L1 expression in small tissue samples, and how that …