Antigen-specific peripheral shaping of the natural regulatory T cell population

SK Lathrop, NA Santacruz, D Pham, J Luo… - The Journal of …, 2008 - rupress.org
SK Lathrop, NA Santacruz, D Pham, J Luo, CS Hsieh
The Journal of experimental medicine, 2008rupress.org
Although regulatory T (T reg) cells are thought to develop primarily in the thymus, the
peripheral events that shape the protective T reg cell population are unclear. We analyzed
the peripheral CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire by cellular phenotype and location in
mice with a fixed TCRβ chain. We found that T reg (Foxp3+) cells showed a marked skewing
of TCR usage by anatomical location in a manner similar to antigen-experienced
(CD44hiFoxp3−) but not naive (CD44loFoxp3−) cells, even though CD44hi and T reg cells …
Although regulatory T (T reg) cells are thought to develop primarily in the thymus, the peripheral events that shape the protective T reg cell population are unclear. We analyzed the peripheral CD4+ T cell receptor (TCR) repertoire by cellular phenotype and location in mice with a fixed TCRβ chain. We found that T reg (Foxp3+) cells showed a marked skewing of TCR usage by anatomical location in a manner similar to antigen-experienced (CD44hiFoxp3) but not naive (CD44loFoxp3) cells, even though CD44hi and T reg cells used mostly dissimilar TCRs. This was likely unrelated to peripheral conversion, which we estimate generates only a small percentage of peripheral T reg cells in adults. Conversion was readily observed, however, during the immune response induced by Foxp3 cells in lymphopenic hosts. Interestingly, the converted Foxp3+ and expanded Foxp3 TCR repertoires were different, suggesting that generation of Foxp3+ cells is not an automatic process upon antigen activation of Foxp3 T cells. Retroviral expression of these TCRs in primary monoclonal T cells confirmed that conversion did not require prior cellular conditioning. Thus, these data demonstrate that TCR specificity plays a crucial role in the process of peripheral conversion and in shaping the peripheral T reg cell population to the local antigenic landscape.
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