[HTML][HTML] The Atg12-Atg5 conjugate has a novel E3-like activity for protein lipidation in autophagy

T Hanada, NN Noda, Y Satomi, Y Ichimura… - Journal of Biological …, 2007 - ASBMB
Autophagy is a bulk degradation process in eukaryotic cells; autophagosomes enclose
cytoplasmic components for degradation in the lysosome/vacuole. Autophagosome
formation requires two ubiquitin-like conjugation systems, the Atg12 and Atg8 systems,
which are tightly associated with expansion of autophagosomal membrane. Previous
studies have suggested that there is a hierarchy between these systems; the Atg12 system is
located upstream of the Atg8 system in the context of Atg protein organization. However, the …