[HTML][HTML] Physiological and pathophysiological functions of SOCE in the immune system

PJ Shaw, S Feske - Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition), 2012 - ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
PJ Shaw, S Feske
Frontiers in bioscience (Elite edition), 2012ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Calcium signals play a critical role in many cell-type specific effector functions during innate
and adaptive immune responses. The predominant mechanism to raise intracellular [Ca 2+]
used by most immune cells is store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE), whereby the depletion of
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ stores triggers the influx of extracellular Ca 2+. SOCE in
immune cells is mediated by the highly Ca 2+ selective Ca 2+-release-activated Ca
2+(CRAC) channel, encoded by ORAI1, ORAI2 and ORAI3 genes. ORAI proteins are …
Abstract
Calcium signals play a critical role in many cell-type specific effector functions during innate and adaptive immune responses. The predominant mechanism to raise intracellular [Ca 2+] used by most immune cells is store-operated Ca 2+ entry (SOCE), whereby the depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ stores triggers the influx of extracellular Ca 2+. SOCE in immune cells is mediated by the highly Ca 2+ selective Ca 2+-release-activated Ca 2+(CRAC) channel, encoded by ORAI1, ORAI2 and ORAI3 genes. ORAI proteins are activated by stromal interaction molecules (STIM) 1 and 2, which act as sensors of ER Ca 2+ store depletion. The importance of SOCE mediated by STIM and ORAI proteins for immune function is evident from the immunodeficiency and autoimmunity in patients with mutations in STIM1 and ORAI1 genes. These patients and studies in gene-targeted mice have revealed an essential role for ORAI/STIM proteins in the function of several immune cells. This review focuses on recent advances made towards understanding the role of SOCE in immune cells with an emphasis on the immune dysregulation that results from defects in SOCE in human patients and transgenic mice.
ncbi.nlm.nih.gov